>
产品中心 >
Other_biological_dyes >
AAT Bioquest/Hydroxystilbamidine *CAS 223769-64-0*/17514/10 mg
| Overview |  PrinterFriendlyVersion |
| Ex/Em(nm) | 360/625 |
| MW | 472.54 |
| CAS# | 223769-64-0 |
| Solvent | Water |
| Storage | F/D/L |
| Category | NucleicAcidDetection DNADetection |
| Related | LabelingCells FluorescenceImaging BiochemicalAssays |
| Spectrum | AdvancedSpectrumViewer |
TheuseofHydroxystilbamidineisessentiallythesameasotherfluorescenttracers.ThemaindifferenceisthatFluoro-Goldismoreflexibleintermsofpost-injectionsurvivaltimes,concentrationrange,tissuetreatmentandcompatibilitywithotherhistochemicaltechniques.ItisalsomoreresistanttofADIng,brighterandmorepermanentthanmostotherfluorescenttracers.
1. DyeConcentrtation: 1to10%Hydroxystilbamidinehasbeensuccessfullyused.Initially,a4%concentrationisadvised.Ifundesirablenecrosisoccursattheinjectionsite,orlabelingistoointense,reducetheconcentrationtoa2%solution.
2. DyeAdmiNISTration:
2.1 Pressureinjection-thisisprobablythemostfrequentlyusedmodeofapplication.Volumesinjectedrangefrom0.05-1µl,typically0.1-0.2µl.
2.2 Crystal-acrystalofthetracercanbeadministeredfromthetipofamicro-Pipette.
3. Fixation: Althoughanyfixative,ornofixative,canbeused,PBScontaining4%formaldehydeismostfrequentlyemployed.Fixativescontaininghighconcentrationsofheavymetals(eg.osmium,mercury)willquenchthefluorescence,whilehighconcentrations(over1%)ofglutaraldehydemayincreasebackgroundfluorescence.
4. HistochemicalProcessing: TissuecontainingHydroxystilbamidinemaybeprocessedaccordingtovirtuallyanycommonhistologicaltechnique.Frozensectionsoffixedtissuearemostfrequentlyused.
5. CombinedMethods: Atthispointofprocessing,sectionsmaybefurtherprocessedforasecondMarkersuchasautoradiography,HRPhistochemistry,immunocytochemistry,asecondfluorescenttracer,fluorescentcounterstain,etc.
6. Mounting,ClearingandCoverslipping: Sectionsaretypicallymountedongelatin-coatedslides,air-dried,immersedinxylene,andcoverslippedwithnonfluorescentDPXplasticmountingmedia.Sectionsmaybedehydratedwithgradedalcohols,unlessthisisnotcompatiblewithasecondtracer.IfHydroxystilbamidineistobecombinedwithfluorescenceimmunocytochemistsry,thensectionsareair-driedanddirectlycoverslippedwithDPX.
7. ExaminationandPhotography: Hydroxystilbamidinecanbevisualizedwithafluorescencemicroscopeusingawidebandultravioletexcitationfilter(excitation-323nm,emission-620nmatneutralpH).AgoldcolorisemittedwhentissuehasbeenprocessedwithneutralpHbuffer,whereasabluecolorisemittedwhentissueisprocessedwithacidic(eg.PH3.3)pHbuffer.Itcanbephotographeddigitallyorwithfilm(useEktachrome200-400ASAfilmforcolorprintsandcomparablespeedfilmforblackandwhiteprints).Mostexposuretimesrangefrom10-60secondexposures,dependingontheobjectivemagnificationandtheintensityofthelabel.Thirty(30)secondexposuresareaboutaverage.MultipleexposuresmaybeexploitedtosimultaneouslyvisualizeHydroxystilbamidineandanothertracer.Thus,UVwouldbecombinedwithbrightfieldIlluminationtosimultaneouslylocateFluoro-GoldwithHRPorsilvergrainsinautoradiography.Similarly,bluelightexcitationcanbecombinedtoalsovisualizethegreenemissioncolorofFITC,whilegreenexcitationlightmaybeusedtosimultaneouslyobservetheredemissioncolorofpropidiumiodide,orethidiumbromide(afluorescentcounterstain).
| References&Citations |  PrinterFriendlyVersion |
1. ChaillouE,TilletY,MalbertCH.(2009)Organisationofthecatecholaminergicsysteminthevagalmotornucleiofpigs:aretrogradefluorogoldtracttracingstudycombinedwithimmunohistochemistryofcatecholaminergicsynthesizingenzymes.JChemNeuroanat,38,257.
2. HeZ.(2009)Fluorogoldinducespersistentneurologicaldeficitsandcirclingbehaviorinmiceover-expressinghumanmutanttau.CurrNeurovascRes,6,54.
3. MukerjiS,BrownMC,LeeDJ.(2009)AmorphologicstudyofFluorogoldlabeledtensortympanimotoneuronsinmice.BrainRes,1278,59.
4. PerssonS,HavtonLA.(2009)Retrogradelytransportedfluorogoldaccumulatesinlysosomesofneuronsandisdetectableultrastructurallyusingpost-embeddingimmuno-goldmethods.JNeurosciMethods,184,42.
5. AkhavanM,HoangTX,HavtonLA.(2006)Improveddetectionoffluorogold-labeledneuronsinlong-termstudies.JNeurosciMethods,152,156.
6. McClellanAD,ZhangL,PalmerR.(2006)Fluorogoldlabelingofdescendingbrainneuronsinlarvallampreydoesnotcausecelldeath.NeurosciLett,401,119.
7. ABDel-MajidRM,ArchibaldML,TremblayF,BaldridgeWH.(2005)TracercouplingofneuronsintheratretinainnernuclearlayerlabeledbyFluorogold.BrainRes,1063,114.
8. DuvaMA,TomkinsEM,MorandaLM,KaplanR,SukhaseumA,StanleyBG.(2005)OriginsoflateralhypothalamicafferentsassociatedwithN-methyl-d-asparticacid-elicitedeatingstudiedusingreversemicrodialysisofNMDAandFluorogold.NeurosciRes,52,95.
9. Sanchez-GonzalezMA,WarrWB,LopezDE.(2003)AnatomyofolivocochlearneuronsinthehamsterstudiedwithFluoroGold.HearRes,185,65.
10. YuanZW,LuiVC,TamPK.(2003)Deficientmotorinnervationofthesphinctermechanisminfetalratswithanorectalmalformation:aquantitativestudybyfluorogoldretrogradetracing.JPediatrSurg,38,1383.
